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Reference · Crops

Orchidaceae

Orchidaceae is one of the largest and most diverse families of monocot plants. In an agricultural context, the crop is valued for its high aesthetic value and use in industrial floriculture, as well as in the food industry, particularly the genus Vanilla.

Main sections

Phalaenopsis22 Renanthera8 Pleurothallis7 Pleione6 Phragmipedium5 Psychilis5 Phaius4 Pinalia4 Plocoglottis4 Polystachya4 Rhynchostele4 Phalaenopsis3 Pholidota3 Pomatocalpa3 Ponthieva3 Pseudorchis3 Psychopsis3 Pescatoria2 Phymatidium2 Podochilus2
514 sections

What the section contains

Peristylus grandis Peristylus grandis Peristylus lacertifer Peristylus lacertifer Pescatoria Pescatoria 2 items Phaius Phaius 4 items Phalaenopsis Phalaenopsis Bl. 3 items Phalaenopsis Phalaenopsis 22 items Pholidota Pholidota 3 items Phragmipedium Phragmipedium 5 items Phymatidium Phymatidium 2 items Pinalia Pinalia 4 items Pink butterfly orchid Anacamptis papilionacea Pink lady slipper Cypripedium acaule Platycoryne Platycoryne 1 item Platythelys Platythelys Plectrelminthus Plectrelminthus 1 item Plectrophora Plectrophora 1 item Pleione Pleione D. Don Pleione Pleione 6 items Pleurothallis Pleurothallis 7 items Plocoglottis Plocoglottis 4 items Podochilus Podochilus 2 items Pogonia Pogonia 2 items Polystachya Polystachya 4 items Pomatocalpa Pomatocalpa 3 items Ponthieva Ponthieva 3 items Porpax Porpax 2 items Porroglossum Porroglossum 1 item Prescottia Prescottia 2 items Promenaea Promenaea Promenaea hybrids Promenaea hybrids Promenaea stapelioides Promenaea stapelioides Promenaea xanthina Promenaea xanthina Prosthechea Prosthechea Knowles & Westc. 1 item Prosthechea Prosthechea Prosthechea boothiana Prosthechea boothiana Prosthechea fragrans Prosthechea fragrans Prosthechea garciana Prosthechea garciana Prosthechea mariae Prosthechea mariae Prosthechea pygmaea Prosthechea pygmaea Prosthechea radiata Prosthechea radiata Prosthechea radiata Prostechea radiata Pseudorchis Pseudorchis 3 items Psilochilus Psilochilus 1 item Psychilis Psychilis 5 items Psychopsis Psychopsis 3 items Pterichis Pterichis 1 item Pterostylis Pterostylis 2 items Ram's-head lady's-slipper Cypripedium arietinum Rangaeris Rangaeris 1 item Renanthera Renanthera 8 items Restrepia Restrepia 1 item Restrepiella Restrepiella 1 item Rhipidoglossum Rhipidoglossum 2 items Rhizanthella Rhizanthella 2 items Rhyncholaelia Rhyncholaelia 2 items Rhynchostele Rhynchostele Rchb. f. Rhynchostele Rhynchostele 4 items Rhynchostylis Rhynchostylis Rhynchostylis coelestis Rhynchostylis coelestis Rhynchostylis gigantea Rhynchostylis gigantea

Orchidaceae

The family has a nearly global distribution, except for permafrost zones and deserts. The primary diversity of species is concentrated in tropical and subtropical belts, where plants grow as epiphytes, lithophytes, or terrestrial forms.

Botanical features include the presence of specialized roots with velamen for moisture absorption from the air, symbiosis with mycorrhizal fungi, and a unique flower structure consisting of three sepals and three petals, one of which is modified into a labellum for pollination.

Agronomic requirements depend on the species, but common needs include high demand for diffused light, maintaining air humidity at 60-80%, and the use of specialized substrates based on coniferous bark, sphagnum, or coconut fiber to ensure root system aeration.

  • Regular irrigation with soft water without moisture stagnation.
  • Temperature regime control based on the species' origin.
  • Timely fertilization with specialized mineral fertilizers.
  • Infection prevention during high humidity conditions.

Major diseases include fusarium wilt, bacterial rot, and anthracnose caused by poor agronomic practices. Among the pests, spider mites, scale insects, mealybugs, and thrips are the most dangerous, requiring the application of systemic insecticides and acaricides to maintain the commercial quality of the produce.