agronom.info agronomy portal
Reference · Crops

Orchidaceae

Orchidaceae is one of the largest and most diverse families of monocot plants. In an agricultural context, the crop is valued for its high aesthetic value and use in industrial floriculture, as well as in the food industry, particularly the genus Vanilla.

Main sections

Aerangis20 Angraecum14 Bird's-nest orchid12 Aerides9 Bletilla6 Brassavola6 Aa5 Acianthera4 Aeranthes4 Bletia4 Acampe3 Amesiella3 Ancistrorhynchus3 Aspidogyne3 Acanthophippium2 Acineta2 Aganisia2 Aspasia2 Aulosepalum2 Bifrenaria2
514 sections

What the section contains

Aa Aa 5 items Acampe Acampe 3 items Acanthophippium Acanthophippium 2 items Acianthera Acianthera 4 items Acineta Acineta 2 items Aerangis Aerangis 20 items Aeranthes Aeranthes 4 items Aerides Aerides Lour. Aerides Aerides 9 items Aganisia Aganisia 2 items Amesiella Amesiella 3 items Anacamptis boryi Anacamptis boryi Anacamptis collina Anacamptis collina Anacamptis dinsmorei Anacamptis dinsmorei Anacamptis israelitica Anacamptis israelitica Anacamptis pseudolaxiflora Anacamptis pseudolaxiflora Anacamptis pyramidalis Anacamptis pyramidalis Anacamptis sancta Anacamptis sancta Anatolian orchid Orchis anatolica Ancistrochilus Ancistrochilus 1 item Ancistrorhynchus Ancistrorhynchus 3 items Angraecum Angraecum Bory Angraecum Angraecum 14 items Anguloa Anguloa 1 item Ansellia Ansellia 1 item Anthogonium Anthogonium 1 item Aplectrum Aplectrum 1 item Apostasia Apostasia 1 item Arachnis Arachnis Arachnis Arachnis hybrids Arachnis cathcartii Arachnis cathcartii Arachnis flos-aeris Arachnis flos-aeris Arachnis hookeriana Arachnis hookeriana Arachnis labrosa Arachnis labrosa Arachnis maingayi Arachnis maingayi Archivea Archivea 1 item Arethusa Arethusa 1 item Arpophyllum Arpophyllum 1 item Arundina Arundina 1 item Aspasia Aspasia 2 items Aspidogyne Aspidogyne 3 items Aulosepalum Aulosepalum 2 items Barbosella Barbosella 1 item Barkeria Barkeria 1 item Barkeria spectabilis Barkera spectabilis Basiphyllaea Basiphyllaea 1 item Batemannia Batemannia 1 item Beloglottis Beloglottis 1 item Bifrenaria Bifrenaria 2 items Bird's-nest orchid Neottia 12 items Bletia Bletia 4 items Bletilla Bletilla Rchb. f. Bletilla Bletilla 6 items Bog orchid Hammarbya 1 item Bolusiella Bolusiella 1 item Bonatea Bonatea 2 items Brachionidium Brachionidium 2 items Brachycorythis Brachycorythis 1 item Brassavola Brassavola 6 items Brassia Brassia R. Br.

Orchidaceae

The family has a nearly global distribution, except for permafrost zones and deserts. The primary diversity of species is concentrated in tropical and subtropical belts, where plants grow as epiphytes, lithophytes, or terrestrial forms.

Botanical features include the presence of specialized roots with velamen for moisture absorption from the air, symbiosis with mycorrhizal fungi, and a unique flower structure consisting of three sepals and three petals, one of which is modified into a labellum for pollination.

Agronomic requirements depend on the species, but common needs include high demand for diffused light, maintaining air humidity at 60-80%, and the use of specialized substrates based on coniferous bark, sphagnum, or coconut fiber to ensure root system aeration.

  • Regular irrigation with soft water without moisture stagnation.
  • Temperature regime control based on the species' origin.
  • Timely fertilization with specialized mineral fertilizers.
  • Infection prevention during high humidity conditions.

Major diseases include fusarium wilt, bacterial rot, and anthracnose caused by poor agronomic practices. Among the pests, spider mites, scale insects, mealybugs, and thrips are the most dangerous, requiring the application of systemic insecticides and acaricides to maintain the commercial quality of the produce.