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Reference · Crops

Lamiaceae

The Lamiaceae family, also known as the mint or deadnettle family, comprises a large group of dicotyledonous plants, including many valuable agricultural, culinary, and medicinal crops. In the agricultural sector, members of this family are highly valued for their high concentration of essential oils, tannins, and phytoncides, making them essential raw materials for the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries.

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Coleus20 Congea2 Cornutia2 Clinopodium1 Clinopodium1 Coleus1 Colquhounia1 Comanthosphace1 Conradina1
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What the section contains

Clerodendrum indicum Clerodendrum indicum Clerodendrum infortunatum Clerodendrum infortunatum Clerodendrum minahassae Clerodendrum minahassae Clerodendrum myrmecophilum Clerodendrum myrmecophilum Clerodendrum nutans Clerodendrum nutans Clerodendrum phlomidis Clerodendrum phlomidis Clerodendrum polycephalum Clerodendrum polycephalum Clerodendrum speciosissimum Clerodendrum speciosissimum Clerodendrum speciosum Clerodendrum speciosum Clerodendrum thyrsoideum Clerodendrum thyrsoideum Clerodendrum tomentosum Clerodendrum tomentosum Clerodendrum triphyllum Clerodendrum triphyllum Clerodendrum umbellatum Clerodendrum umbellatum Clerodendrum uncinatum Clerodendrum uncinatum Clerodendrum viscosum Clerodendrum viscosum Clerodendrum volubile Clerodendrum volubile Clerodendrum wallichii Clerodendrum wallichii Clinopodium Clinopodium x Hesperozygis 1 item Clinopodium Clinopodium L. 1 item Clinopodium acinos Clinopodium acinos Clinopodium brevifolium Clinopodium brevifolium Clinopodium brownei Clinopodium brownei Clinopodium chinense Clinopodium chinense Clinopodium corsicum Clinopodium corsicum Clinopodium gracile Clinopodium gracile Clinopodium grandiflorum Clinopodium grandiflorum Clinopodium graveolens Clinopodium graveolens Clinopodium hostii Clinopodium hostii Clinopodium menthifolium Clinopodium menthifolium Clinopodium micranthum Clinopodium micranthum Clinopodium serpyllifolium Clinopodium serpyllifolium Clinopodium suaveolens Clinopodium suaveolens Clinopodium uhligii Clinopodium uhligii Clinopodium umbrosum Clinopodium umbrosum Clinopodium vimineum Clinopodium vimineum Cloud Sage Salvia nubicola Clustered mountain mint Pycnanthemum muticum Coast hedge-nettle Stachys chamissonis Coastal Sideritis Sideritis littoralis Coleus Solenostemon x Perilla 1 item Coleus Coleus 20 items Collinsonia Collinsonia Colquhounia Colquhounia 1 item Comanthosphace Comanthosphace 1 item Congea Congea 2 items Conradina Conradina A. Gray 1 item Conradina Conradina Conradina glabra Conradina glabra Coridothymus Coridothymus Cornuta obovata Cornuta obovata Cornutia Cornutia 2 items Corsican Mint Mentha requienii Corsican stachys Stachys corsica Creeping sage Salvia procurrens Creeping sage Salvia sonomensis Cretan germander Teucrium creticum Cretan hedge nettle Stachys cretica Cretan savory Clinopodium creticum Crimean germander Teucrium krymense Crimean thyme Thymus tauricus

Lamiaceae

These plants have a global distribution, though the greatest species diversity is found in the Mediterranean and regions with temperate climates. Historically, many Lamiaceae species were domesticated in these zones, adapting to dry periods and specific soil conditions. Today, industrial plantations of basil, mint, lemon balm, and sage are successfully cultivated in many countries across the globe.

Botanically, the family is easily recognized by its distinctive features: a square stem, opposite leaf arrangement, and zygomorphic flowers with a characteristic lip shape. The root system of most representatives is well-developed, allowing them to effectively penetrate various soil layers. Flowers are often arranged in spike-like or head-like inflorescences that attract numerous pollinators.

For successful cultivation of Lamiaceae, access to sunlight and soil aeration are critical. Most crops in this family prefer light, well-drained soils with a neutral or slightly alkaline pH. Agronomic practices include regular weeding, as these plants are highly sensitive to weed competition during early development, as well as moderate watering to prevent waterlogging at the roots.

  • Commercial use: essential oil production
  • Medical application: herbal medicine and extracts
  • Culinary value: herbs and seasoning
  • Plant protection: use as natural repellents

The primary threats to industrial Lamiaceae crops include fungal infections, such as powdery mildew and various types of rot, which often occur due to improper moisture management. Pests, including aphids and spider mites, can also cause significant damage to crop yields. Effective protection strategies rely on crop rotation and the timely application of approved biological control agents.