Figworts
Figwort (genus Scrophularia) is a diverse group of herbaceous plants and shrubs belonging to the Scrophulariaceae family. Known historically for its medicinal properties, figwort is grown in specialized agricultural settings to produce botanical raw materials for the pharmaceutical industry. Its name originates from the historical use of these plants in treating various ailments.
Main sections
What the section contains
Scrophularia peregrina
Scrophularia peregrina
Scrophularia pinardii
Scrophularia pinardii
Scrophularia racemosa
Scrophularia racemosa
Scrophularia ramosissima
Scrophularia ramosissima
Scrophularia rubricaulis
Scrophularia rubricaulis
Scrophularia sambucifolia
Scrophularia sambucifolia
Scrophularia scorodonia
Scrophularia scorodonia
Scrophularia sublyrata
Scrophularia sublyrata
Scrophularia trifoliata
Scrophularia trifoliata
Scrophularia valdesii
Scrophularia valdesii
Scrophularia xanthoglossa
Scrophularia xanthoglossa
Scrophularia xylorrhiza
Scrophularia xylorrhiza
Selago
Selago L.
Selago corymbosa
Selago corymbosa
Sharp figwort
Scrophularia arguta
Shining figwort
Scrophularia lucida
Shrubby figwort
Scrophularia frutescens
Sierra Nevada Mullein
Verbascum nevadense
Silver mullein
Verbascum argenteum
Snow buddleia
Buddleja nivea
Snow mullein
Verbascum niveum
Spiny mullein
Verbascum spinosum
Stern's Butterfly Bush
Buddleja sterniana
Summer figwort
Scrophularia aestivalis
Sutera
Sutera Roth
3 items
Sutera
Sutera
3 items
Syrian figwort
Scrophularia syriaca
Tall figwort
Scrophularia elatior
Tansy-leaved figwort
Scrophularia tanacetifolia
Tetraselago
Tetraselago
1 item
Tibetan butterfly bush
Buddleja tibetica
Transjordan Mullein
Verbascum transjordanicum
Tripolitan mullein
Verbascum tripolitanum
Verbascum acaule
Verbascum acaule
Verbascum barnadesii
Verbascum barnadesii
Verbascum conocarpum
Verbascum conocarpum
Verbascum decaisneanum
Verbascum decaisneanum
Verbascum dentifolium
Verbascum dentifolium
Verbascum dumulosum
Verbascum dumulosum
Verbascum fontqueri
Verbascum fontqueri
Verbascum glabratum
Verbascum glabratum
Verbascum hervieri
Verbascum hervieri
Verbascum hybrid
Verbascum hybrids
Verbascum laciniatum
Verbascum laciniatum
Verbascum laxum
Verbascum laxum
Verbascum levanticum
Verbascum levanticum
Verbascum litigiosum
Verbascum litigiosum
Verbascum nuriae
Verbascum nuriae
Verbascum pestalozzae
Verbascum pestalozzae
Verbascum pinnatifidum
Verbascum pinnatifidum
Verbascum qulebicum
Verbascum qulebicum
Verbascum schimperianum
Verbascum schimperianum
Verbascum sinaiticum
Verbascum sinaiticum
Verbascum suworowianum
Verbascum suworowianum
Verbascum tiberiadis
Verbascum tiberiadis
Water figwort
Scrophularia auriculata
Wavy mullein
Verbascum sinuatum
Wavy-leaved mullein
Verbascum undulatum
White Buddleja
Buddleja candida
White mullein
Verbascum lychnitis
Figworts
The native range of the genus encompasses the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, including Europe, Asia, and North America. As a cultivated crop, it thrives best in environments that mimic its natural habitat: moist, temperate, and well-drained locations. Farmers often select sites near water bodies or in forest clearings to ensure optimal growth conditions.
Botanically, figworts are characterized by their sturdy, four-angled stems and opposite, serrated leaves. The flowers are distinctive, often featuring a swollen, urn-like shape that attracts pollinators. Beneath the soil, the plant develops a robust, often knotted rhizome, which is the primary part harvested for its concentrated medicinal compounds.
Agricultural success depends on soil fertility and moisture management. Figwort requires soil that is rich in organic matter and maintains consistent moisture without becoming waterlogged. Cultivation practices include mulching to suppress weeds, periodic weeding during the early stages of plant development, and applying compost to sustain long-term soil productivity.
In terms of usage, the plant is primarily harvested for its therapeutic extracts. Major agronomic challenges include preventing fungal infections such as leaf spot and mildew, which can spread rapidly in high-density plantings. Integrated pest management is recommended to address infestations of leaf-eating beetles, ensuring that the final medicinal product remains free of chemical residues.
- Soil Type: Well-drained, rich loam.
- Propagation: Seeds or root division.
- Harvest Timing: Root harvesting in autumn.
- Drying: Air-dry in a cool, ventilated place.