Reference · Crops

Figworts

Figwort (genus Scrophularia) is a diverse group of herbaceous plants and shrubs belonging to the Scrophulariaceae family. Known historically for its medicinal properties, figwort is grown in specialized agricultural settings to produce botanical raw materials for the pharmaceutical industry. Its name originates from the historical use of these plants in treating various ailments.

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Scrophularia peregrina Scrophularia peregrina Scrophularia pinardii Scrophularia pinardii Scrophularia racemosa Scrophularia racemosa Scrophularia ramosissima Scrophularia ramosissima Scrophularia rubricaulis Scrophularia rubricaulis Scrophularia sambucifolia Scrophularia sambucifolia Scrophularia scorodonia Scrophularia scorodonia Scrophularia sublyrata Scrophularia sublyrata Scrophularia trifoliata Scrophularia trifoliata Scrophularia valdesii Scrophularia valdesii Scrophularia xanthoglossa Scrophularia xanthoglossa Scrophularia xylorrhiza Scrophularia xylorrhiza Selago Selago L. Selago corymbosa Selago corymbosa Sharp figwort Scrophularia arguta Shining figwort Scrophularia lucida Shrubby figwort Scrophularia frutescens Sierra Nevada Mullein Verbascum nevadense Silver mullein Verbascum argenteum Snow buddleia Buddleja nivea Snow mullein Verbascum niveum Spiny mullein Verbascum spinosum Stern's Butterfly Bush Buddleja sterniana Summer figwort Scrophularia aestivalis Sutera Sutera Roth 3 items Sutera Sutera 3 items Syrian figwort Scrophularia syriaca Tall figwort Scrophularia elatior Tansy-leaved figwort Scrophularia tanacetifolia Tetraselago Tetraselago 1 item Tibetan butterfly bush Buddleja tibetica Transjordan Mullein Verbascum transjordanicum Tripolitan mullein Verbascum tripolitanum Verbascum acaule Verbascum acaule Verbascum barnadesii Verbascum barnadesii Verbascum conocarpum Verbascum conocarpum Verbascum decaisneanum Verbascum decaisneanum Verbascum dentifolium Verbascum dentifolium Verbascum dumulosum Verbascum dumulosum Verbascum fontqueri Verbascum fontqueri Verbascum glabratum Verbascum glabratum Verbascum hervieri Verbascum hervieri Verbascum hybrid Verbascum hybrids Verbascum laciniatum Verbascum laciniatum Verbascum laxum Verbascum laxum Verbascum levanticum Verbascum levanticum Verbascum litigiosum Verbascum litigiosum Verbascum nuriae Verbascum nuriae Verbascum pestalozzae Verbascum pestalozzae Verbascum pinnatifidum Verbascum pinnatifidum Verbascum qulebicum Verbascum qulebicum Verbascum schimperianum Verbascum schimperianum Verbascum sinaiticum Verbascum sinaiticum Verbascum suworowianum Verbascum suworowianum Verbascum tiberiadis Verbascum tiberiadis Water figwort Scrophularia auriculata Wavy mullein Verbascum sinuatum Wavy-leaved mullein Verbascum undulatum White Buddleja Buddleja candida White mullein Verbascum lychnitis

Figworts

The native range of the genus encompasses the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, including Europe, Asia, and North America. As a cultivated crop, it thrives best in environments that mimic its natural habitat: moist, temperate, and well-drained locations. Farmers often select sites near water bodies or in forest clearings to ensure optimal growth conditions.

Botanically, figworts are characterized by their sturdy, four-angled stems and opposite, serrated leaves. The flowers are distinctive, often featuring a swollen, urn-like shape that attracts pollinators. Beneath the soil, the plant develops a robust, often knotted rhizome, which is the primary part harvested for its concentrated medicinal compounds.

Agricultural success depends on soil fertility and moisture management. Figwort requires soil that is rich in organic matter and maintains consistent moisture without becoming waterlogged. Cultivation practices include mulching to suppress weeds, periodic weeding during the early stages of plant development, and applying compost to sustain long-term soil productivity.

In terms of usage, the plant is primarily harvested for its therapeutic extracts. Major agronomic challenges include preventing fungal infections such as leaf spot and mildew, which can spread rapidly in high-density plantings. Integrated pest management is recommended to address infestations of leaf-eating beetles, ensuring that the final medicinal product remains free of chemical residues.

  • Soil Type: Well-drained, rich loam.
  • Propagation: Seeds or root division.
  • Harvest Timing: Root harvesting in autumn.
  • Drying: Air-dry in a cool, ventilated place.