Figworts
Figwort (genus Scrophularia) is a diverse group of herbaceous plants and shrubs belonging to the Scrophulariaceae family. Known historically for its medicinal properties, figwort is grown in specialized agricultural settings to produce botanical raw materials for the pharmaceutical industry. Its name originates from the historical use of these plants in treating various ailments.
What the section contains
Alonsoa
Alonsoa
1 item
Alonsoa linearis
Alonsoa linearis
Alpine figwort
Scrophularia alpestris
American buddleia
Buddleja americana
Anticharis
Anticharis
2 items
Aptosimum
Aptosimum
2 items
Arcturus Mullein
Verbascum arcturus
Armenian Mullein
Verbascum armenum
Balkan mullein
Verbascum banaticum
Beirut mullein
Verbascum berytheum
Boerhaave's mullein
Verbascum boerhavii
Bontia
Bontia
1 item
Bosnian figwort
Scrophularia bosniaca
Buddleja
Buddleja L.
15 items
Buddleja albiflora
Buddleja albiflora
Buddleja caryopteridifolia
Buddleja caryopteridifolia
Buddleja colvillei
Buddleja colvillei
Buddleja coriacea
Buddleja coriacea
Buddleja dysophylla
Buddleja dysophylla
Buddleja farreri
Buddleja farreri
Buddleja forrestii
Buddleja forrestii
Buddleja glomerata
Buddleja glomerata
Buddleja hotblackiana
Buddleja hotblackiana
Buddleja hybrida
Buddleja hybrida
Buddleja hybrids
Buddleja hybrids
Buddleja indica
Buddleja indica
Buddleja intermedia
Buddleja intermedia
Buddleja lewisiana
Buddleja lewisiana
Buddleja officinalis
Buddleja officinalis
Buddleja polystachya
Buddleja polystachya
Buddleja pterocaulis
Buddleja pterocaulis
Buddleja pulchella
Buddleja pulchella
Buddleja saligna
Buddleja saligna
Buddleja stachyoides
Buddleja stachyoides
Buddleja whiteana
Buddleja whiteana
Caesar's mullein
Verbascum caesareum
California figwort
Scrophularia californica
Capraria
Capraria
Chaenostoma
Chaenostoma
1 item
Coromandel mullein
Verbascum coromandelianum
Damascene mullein
Verbascum damascenum
Dark mullein
Verbascum nigrum
Delphic mullein
Verbascum delphicum
Dermatobotrys
Dermatobotrys
1 item
Desert figwort
Scrophularia deserti
Desert mullein
Verbascum eremobium
Diascia
Diascia Link & Otto
8 items
Diascia
Diascia
3 items
Diclis
Diclis
2 items
Dischisma
Dischisma
2 items
Eared butterfly-bush
Buddleja auriculata
Edgeworth's figwort
Scrophularia edgeworthii
Eremophila
Eremophila R. Br.
4 items
Eremophila
Eremophila
14 items
Figwort
Scrophularia L.
3 items
Figwort
Scrophularia nodosa
Figwort
Scrophularia heterophylla
French figwort
Scrophularia canina
Freylinia
Freylinia
1 item
Figworts
The native range of the genus encompasses the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, including Europe, Asia, and North America. As a cultivated crop, it thrives best in environments that mimic its natural habitat: moist, temperate, and well-drained locations. Farmers often select sites near water bodies or in forest clearings to ensure optimal growth conditions.
Botanically, figworts are characterized by their sturdy, four-angled stems and opposite, serrated leaves. The flowers are distinctive, often featuring a swollen, urn-like shape that attracts pollinators. Beneath the soil, the plant develops a robust, often knotted rhizome, which is the primary part harvested for its concentrated medicinal compounds.
Agricultural success depends on soil fertility and moisture management. Figwort requires soil that is rich in organic matter and maintains consistent moisture without becoming waterlogged. Cultivation practices include mulching to suppress weeds, periodic weeding during the early stages of plant development, and applying compost to sustain long-term soil productivity.
In terms of usage, the plant is primarily harvested for its therapeutic extracts. Major agronomic challenges include preventing fungal infections such as leaf spot and mildew, which can spread rapidly in high-density plantings. Integrated pest management is recommended to address infestations of leaf-eating beetles, ensuring that the final medicinal product remains free of chemical residues.
- Soil Type: Well-drained, rich loam.
- Propagation: Seeds or root division.
- Harvest Timing: Root harvesting in autumn.
- Drying: Air-dry in a cool, ventilated place.