Poltavska 77 is a winter vetch (wheat) developed by the Poltava Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture and registered in the national register of varieties of Ukraine since 1987. The plant is characterized by moderate height, usually from 1.2 to 1.6 m, but can reach 2 m in some years. Stems are of medium density, green, and flowers – blue or blue-violet shade – form long inflorescences with 20–30 or more buds. Pods have an elongated-rhombic shape, end in a pointed tip, and contain 3–4 seeds. Seeds are black in color, smooth, round, and shiny.
The variety is distinguished by high resistance to fungal diseases, in particular to fusarium and rust, as well as good adaptation to various climatic conditions, including dry periods. Due to moderate height, the risk of wind damage is reduced, which makes it suitable for growing both in the central strip of Russia and in Ukraine. Seeds have excellent germination and provide a stable yield with proper care.
Poltavska 77 is intended for sowing in the winter period (September–October) followed by opening in spring months. Yield of green mass reaches 420 c/ha, and hay – 84.3 c/ha. With single use of seed, the yield is 6–8 c/ha, with double use (first time – for green mass, second – for grain) – 5–6 c/ha. The culture is suitable for flour and grain production and can also be used as sowing seed in agronomic practice.
