Malawi CS is a simple two-line medium-early hybrid maize (Zea mays L.), included in the State Register for the Central Chernozem region for grain production. The plant is characterized by medium height and wide leaves, with a straight or slightly curved leaf blade. The ear is medium to long, thick, and conical, with a large number of rows of kernels. The kernel type is intermediate, closer to dent, with a yellow upper part and yellow-orange lower part. The vegetative period is approximately 122 days, which is one day less than the standard, and the moisture content at harvest is around 29.1%, which is lower than the standard level. The Malawi CS hybrid is distinguished by resistance to a number of diseases and pests: it is resistant to stalk rot and ear mold, and moderately resistant to ear and stalk smut. These qualities make it a reliable choice for cultivation in the Central Chernozem region, ensuring high yields and stable crops. The average grain yield in the region reaches 70.6 c/ha, which is 34% higher than the standard level, with the maximum yield recorded at 101.8 c/ha. For planting Malawi CS maize, it is recommended to use modern soil and seed processing technologies, such as strip-till, which allow efficient soil treatment in strips and precise seed placement. This technology helps conserve moisture and improve soil structure, which is particularly important when growing on moderately heavy soils. Planting is carried out using disc seeders with high precision and adjustable disc pressure, ensuring even seed placement at the required depth and promoting uniform emergence. Fertilizers such as ammonium phosphate and urea are applied simultaneously with planting, which enhances plant nutrition efficiency and contributes to achieving high yields.
