Rafael

Spring barley variety Rafael is a medium-maturing grain variety with a dwarf or medium-height stem and a cylindrical ear. A distinguishing feature is the anthocyanin coloration of the flag leaf auricles, as well as a large grain with an unawned ventral groove and embracing lodicules. The mass of 1000 seeds varies from 39 to 51 grams, and protein content reaches 11%, making this variety valuable for grain industry and grain forage use.

Variety Rafael is distinguished by high resistance to lodging, drought, and powdery mildew, ensuring crop stability under various climatic conditions. Studies have shown that with optimal nitrogen nutrition (N150) this variety demonstrates increased stress resistance to desiccation, salinization, and hypoxia, which contributes to its adaptability and reliability when cultivated.

The average yield of the variety in the Central region is about 35.9 centners per hectare, and in the Volga-Vyatsk region — 36.1 centners per hectare. Rafael is recommended for cultivation in the Moscow and Kirov regions, as well as in the Mari El Republic, confirming its good adaptability to the conditions of these regions. Due to its characteristics and resistance, the variety is widely used in the grain industry and can be used both for brewing beer and as grain forage.