Moscow 39 is a soft winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) variety characterized by high yield and excellent grain quality. Medium-to-late maturing and medium height, this variety possesses lodging resistance and winter hardiness at the standard level. The mass of 1000 grains varies from 34 to 42 grams. The main advantage of the variety is its high baking qualities: gluten content in flour reaches 37.2%, gluten quality is 73 units on the IDK scale, flour strength is 330 units, and loaf volume reaches 980. The variety is resistant to powdery and solid head smut, as well as septoria, but is susceptible to brown rust and powdery mildew, requiring fungicidal treatments during the vegetation period.
Moscow 39 plants have a height of 91 to 100 cm, with an intermediate bush type and medium straw thickness. The flag leaf is covered with a waxy coating, and the ear is fusiform, white, and of medium density. The grain is of medium size, red in color, elongated-egg-shaped with a short awn. The vegetation period is 305-308 days, which corresponds to the average level for this region. The yield of the variety in the Central region averages 28.6 ц/га, with maximum indicators up to 59.4 ц/га in individual regions.
Besides food and feed use, Moscow 39 is widely used as a cover crop. Due to its ability to effectively restore depleted soils, enrich them with nutrients, and suppress weed growth, this variety contributes to improving the physical-biological composition of the soil. Building up green mass over 30-45 days allows increasing the content of potassium, phosphorus, and other useful elements, as well as improving soil water and air permeability. Incorporating biomass helps prevent erosion, increase fertility, and protect against infectious diseases, making Moscow 39 a versatile and eco-friendly choice for agriculture.
