Hard wheat variety Kharkivskaya 2 (Kharkivs'ka 39) is a spring variety registered in the Ukrainian Plant Varieties Register since 2002. This variety belongs to the hordeiforme type and is characterized by red, erect, medium density, cylindrical ears 5-7 cm long. The grain has an amber color and increased vitreousness, making this variety indispensable for the production of cereal and pasta products. The glume is medium, lanceolate-oval, with a short sharp tooth and narrow high shoulder. Plant height varies from 80 to 115 cm, and the vegetation period ranges from 79 to 96 days. The variety is distinguished by high plasticity and drought resistance, as well as moderate resistance to lodging. The ear is easily threshed, facilitating harvest. Kharkivskaya 2 exceeds the standard for resistance to powdery mildew and brown rust, and meets the standard for resistance to downy mildew, hard head, and Swedish fly. The potential yield of the variety reaches 4.9-5.8 t/ha. In laboratory conditions, at a yield of 3.1 t/ha, gluten content is 33-37%, and protein — 14-17.2%. The variety does not tiller, so to form an optimal density of productive stems, it is necessary to follow the recommended seeding rate — about 5 million germinating seeds per hectare. Before sowing, seeds are recommended to be treated with fungicides and insecticides to protect against diseases and pests. Kharkivskaya 2 wheat is widely used in pasta flour production due to its high-quality gluten, which ensures dough elasticity and resilience. In the Kharkiv region, this variety is known for record yields and high agronomic practices. Purchase prices for grade 2 wheat in the region are among the highest, reflecting its demand and quality. The variety is recommended for cultivation in steppe zones, where it demonstrates high drought resistance and adaptability to growing conditions.
