Psoroptid mites

Affected hosts: These mites are major pests in the livestock industry, primarily affecting cattle, sheep, horses, and rabbits. Their presence in agricultural settings can lead to widespread infestation, necessitating swift management to maintain animal health and farm productivity.

Biology and life cycle: The life cycle of Psoroptidae comprises the egg, larva, two nymphal stages, and the adult stage. The entire life cycle is completed on the host's body within approximately 10 to 14 days. This rapid life cycle facilitates quick population growth, especially in crowded environments where direct contact between animals is constant.

Damage and economic impact: By feeding on skin secretions and lymph, these mites cause intense pruritus (itching) and inflammation. This results in the formation of crusts, skin thickening, and severe hair loss. Affected animals experience significant stress, decreased weight gain, and reduced milk or wool production, representing a substantial economic burden on the agricultural sector.

Control measures: Management of Psoroptidae relies on hygiene and chemical intervention. Key strategies include:

• Routine application of acaricidal dips or spray treatments to the entire herd.
• Administration of systemic anthelmintics such as macrocyclic lactones.
• Strict cleaning and disinfection of stalls, equipment, and shared surfaces.
• Implementing strict quarantine protocols for new animals entering the farm to prevent parasite introduction.