KINELSKAYA 59

Kinel'skaya 59 is a soft spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) variety developed at the Povolzhye Breeding and Seed Production Scientific Research Institute named after P.N. Konstantinov through hybridization of geographically distant forms. It belongs to the erythrospermum type and is characterized by medium maturity with a vegetative period of 77-85 days, ripening simultaneously with the Simbirka and L-503 varieties. The plant is semi-erect with dark green leaves and a cylindrical white head 8-10 cm long. The grain is round, dark red, with a 1000-grain weight of 35-42 g and a high thousand-grain weight of about 810 g/l. The variety is distinguished by high plasticity and stability in yield and grain quality under the variable conditions of the Middle Volga region. Kinel'skaya 59 demonstrates above-average resistance to lodging and possesses satisfactory bread-making qualities. Gluten content in the grain varies from 28 to 44%, ensuring the formation of gluten not lower than Group II quality even with minimal fertilizer application. The yield of the variety is stable and can reach 1.8–2.0 t/ha under stable drought conditions, and 4.3–4.8 t/ha in favorable conditions, with maximum indicators up to 49.5 c/ha, confirmed by trials in the Samara and Ulyanovsk regions. The variety has a moderate degree of resistance to powdery and brown rust, but is not resistant to stem rust and damage by the Swedish fly. Kinel'skaya 59 is widely used in agronomy for sowing during the spring period. Thanks to its adaptability and stability, the variety ensures highly profitable cultivation under the conditions of the Middle Volga region. To increase yield and protect against diseases, the use of fungicides, insecticides, and biopreparations is recommended, which contributes to improved grain quality and reduced losses. The variety is suitable for cultivation in various soil and climatic conditions, making it in demand among regional producers.