LUKOSHKO is a hexaploid spring triticale, representing a promising grain crop intended primarily for feed production. This crop is distinguished by its high yield and stress resistance, making it in demand in modern agricultural conditions. The basis of the breeding work is classical intraspecific hybridization using adapted varieties of local selection, which allows creating new varieties with improved characteristics.
Special significance in triticale breeding is given to varieties of Vladimir selection, which demonstrate high productivity, disease resistance, and adaptability to various growing conditions. During the research, such parameters as thousand-kernel weight, ear productivity, as well as indicators of yield intensity and stability were evaluated. Based on these data, varieties possessing early maturity, medium maturity, and medium-late maturity periods were identified, which allows flexible use of the crop in various agro-climatic zones.
For breeding for early maturity, plastic varieties Slovo, Dorofeya, and Rossika were identified; for productivity, medium-maturing varieties Selyo, Dobroe, Grebeshok, and Bolero; and for large seed size, Norman, Carmen, Dobroe, and Quadro. Using these varieties as parental components allowed creating new hybrid material with high productivity. The efficiency of selection of highly productive plants from F3-F4 hybrid populations reached 29–47%, which indicates significant potential for further improvement of the crop.
