Early winter variety developed by A. V. Bolonyaev at the Far Eastern Research Institute of Agriculture through pollination of the Chinese variety Dan-San-Shui with the variety Toma. A complex hybrid of three pear species — Ussuri, Chinese, and European. Characterized by fairly high winter hardiness, early fruiting, and high yield. Performs well in gardens of Primorsky and southern regions of Khabarovsk Krai. In more northern areas of Khabarovsk Krai, Jewish Autonomous Region, Amur Oblast, and Sakhalin Oblast, in collective and backyard gardens, it is recommended to graft onto the crown of Ussuri pear or cultivate in a spindle form with light winter covering.
Medium-growing tree with a wide-oval, compact, moderately dense crown. Main branches emerge in whorls; by the age of mass fruiting, the crown becomes round and spreading. Bark, trunk, and branch color is brown-gray. Bark peeling. Fruits on 2-3-year-old wood.
Medium-length and thickness shoots, smooth, straight. Buds small, egg-shaped with a pointed tip, semi-pressed. Moderate leafiness. Leaves of medium size, oriented upward, oval-elongated. Petiole of medium length, thin, blade of medium thickness, slightly glossy, without hairs.
Flowers of medium size, white, with a cup-shaped corolla, rounded petals. Stigmas positioned below stamens. Fruit prolific in mixed plantings with 'Lukashovka' and 'Bolonyaevka'.
Fruits slightly below average size (average weight 82 g, maximum 105 g), one-dimensional, correctly pear-shaped, on a long slightly curved peduncle, arranged in clusters of 3-5 together, fruit surface smooth, slightly uneven with small bumps near the peduncle. Main skin color is uniform, bright yellow, without blush, with numerous dark-brown subcutaneous spots. Depressions almost absent. Basin medium, calyx half-closed.
Flesh white, juicy with stone-like inclusions, harmoniously sweet-sour flavor and slight aroma. One of the best local pear varieties for taste quality.
Fruits contain dry matter — 13.8%, sugars — 12.5%, titratable acids — 0.8%, tannins — 0.6%, pectins — 0.3%.
Fruits ripen by September 20. Can be stored fresh up to 36 days. In cold storage facilities — up to 70 days. Table variety, suitable for compotes and drying.
Onset of fruiting — on the 4th year of grafting, mass fruiting — on the 6th-7th year. At this age, it yields up to 20 kg of fruit per tree. Fruit production is stable and annual, full resistance to scab.
Advantages of the variety: high winter hardiness and frost resistance of trees, annual yield, dessert-quality early winter fruits suitable for the Far East, competitive with imported Chinese varieties, surpassing them in taste and scab resistance.
Disadvantages of the variety: short storage life, insufficient winter hardiness when grown on river islands and coastal plains.
The variety is of interest for selection for taste qualities when crossed with 'Lukashovka'. Particularly valuable for backyard and collective gardens.
