Cortland

Winter variety, obtained at the New York Experimental Station in 1898 (distributed since 1915) as a result of crossing Ben Davis and McIntosh varieties. Included in the State Register for the Saratov and Volgograd regions.

Trees are vigorous. Crown is round or spreading. Bark on the trunk is smooth, gray-brown. Fruit set is concentrated on buds, spurs, and fruiting branches.

Shoots are medium, straight, round in cross-section, dark brown, almost black, heavily pubescent. Buds are numerous, medium-sized. Buds are pressed, small, conical, pubescent. Leaves are medium, egg-shaped, short-tapered, green, wrinkled, matte, with coarse venation. No stipules. Leaf blade is flat, heavily pubescent, leaf margin finely toothed. Petiole is medium length and thickness, pubescent.

Flowers are medium-sized, saucer-shaped, petals white, nearly unfused, entire-edged, without claw or double-flowered, stigma below anthers. Buds are rose-colored. Inflorescence contains 6-9 (average 6) flowers.

Fruits are medium (96-135 g), round-conical in shape, uniform in size and shape. Fruit skin is thin, tender, smooth, with bloom. Surface color is red stripes, transitioning into a diffuse blush. Main color is green-gray, turning yellow upon ripening.

Fruits are covered with a bluish-purple bloom. The pedicel is green, which does not disappear upon fruit ripening. At full ripening, the main color becomes yellow, and the surface color turns bright red. The bluish bloom disappears from the fruit surface. The pedicel is short, strong, slender, often with irregular projections; the pedicel cavity is large, conical, with wide grooves, often rusted. The calyx is small, closed or half-open; calyx lobes are short, narrow, and pointed; upper cavity is pubescent, small, narrow, with steep walls, smooth or vaguely grooved. Subcalyx tube is short, conical, heart-shaped, seed chambers broad, open. Seeds are brown, large, pointed.

Flesh is white, with a reddish tint at the edges, firm, fine-grained, tender, juicy, with a rich, pleasant specific flavor.

Enters fruiting at 5-6 years. Average yield.

Advantages of the variety: long storage life, high flavor quality, and attractive appearance of fruits.

Disadvantages of the variety: susceptibility to powdery mildew, moderate resistance to scab, and moderate winter hardiness.