Apple Aidared

American variety (Wagner x Jonathan), winter or late-winter ripening. Approved for cultivation throughout southern Russia and Ukraine.

Trees are moderately vigorous with a spherical crown, slightly dense. Main branches diverge from the trunk at a 45° angle, slightly ascending in their main part. Bark is gray-brown and smooth. Fruit type — mixed. Fruit clusters are evenly distributed along the entire length of branches, with no bare sections. 2-3 fruits remain on the spur after harvest. In productive years, 2-3-year-old crown branches form small, dense clusters of fruit.

Shoots of medium thickness, mostly straight, slightly curved, round in cross-section, gray-brown, sparsely hairy, with bright, slightly elongated, weakly striated stipules. Leaf blade forms an angle of approximately 90° with the petiole. Petiole is thin. Stipules are lanceolate and slightly curved. Leaves are elongated-oval or elongated-ovoid, with pointed or rounded bases and distinctly tapered tips, relatively flat, moderately lobed, resembling a narrow sickle, sometimes slightly twisted clockwise, with coarse, doubly toothed margins, densely hairy on the underside, dark green, weakly glossy. In nurseries, one-year-old stems are light brown, densely hairy, with large stipules; leaves are medium-sized, highly lobed, weakly wrinkled, green with a bluish or slightly blueish tint, with thick or medium petioles and large, broad stipules.

Flowers are pinkish, shallowly cup-shaped, with a short, hairless style and stigmas whose stigmas are at the same level as the anthers.

Fruits are large, flattened, round, with a smooth surface. Very large fruits are slightly conical at the top, with weakly angular or blunt ribs. Skin is thin and smooth, covered with a thin layer of waxy bloom. Under-skin spots are large, sparse, with characteristic merging whitish stripes forming a mottled color pattern on the fruit. Main color is light green, with bright pink or dark carmine blush, with dense stripes and streaks covering almost the entire fruit. Calyx is narrow but relatively deep. Calyx tube is small and closed. Funnel-shaped receptacle is deep and narrow, with rusty skin. Fruit stem is medium-sized. Core is small and clove-shaped. Central cavity is narrow, with triangular seed chambers connected by a narrow slit or closed.

Flesh is creamy, juicy, slightly acidic-sweet, firm at harvest, later slightly granular, softens by the end of storage. Flavor is good or average. Aroma is weakly expressed. Chemical composition of fruits: dry matter — 13.5%, sugars — 10.5%, titratable acids — 0.6%, sugar-acid ratio — 17.2, ascorbic acid — 11.5 mg/100g, P-active substances — 120 mg/100g.

Typical harvest period is the last decade of September. Storage duration is 150-180 days under artificial cooling. Fruits may be affected by under-skin spotting during storage.

Fruits hold well on the tree. Transportability is high. Fruit quality — 88–92%, including 10–15% of top-grade and 40–50% of first-grade fruits.

Fruits are consumed fresh and are suitable for processing: juices, compotes, dried fruits.

Self-sterile variety. Best pollinators: Kuban Spur, Wagner, Red Delicious.

Trees begin fruiting on medium-sized rootstocks at 5-6 years of age. Fruit production is regular. Yield is high: in central Kuban, multi-year yields reach 300–400 centners per hectare. Yields of 500 centners per hectare have been recorded.

The variety is resistant to brown spot, powdery mildew, and scab to a moderate degree, with moderate winter hardiness and good drought tolerance in southern conditions.

Advantages of the variety: high ecological adaptability, high yield, high fruit quality, suitability for fresh consumption and various processing methods.

Disadvantages of the variety: susceptibility to scab and powdery mildew.

The variety is widely used in breeding as a donor of high yield and good fruit quality. It is the parent form of several new varieties for the North Caucasus: Kazachka Kubanskaya, etc., and on Ukraine: winter varieties — Vertical, Tanchivnitsia, etc.