CHAKINSKY 221

Chakinsky 221 is a medium-maturing variety of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), primarily intended for brewing purposes. The vegetative period of the variety ranges from 69 to 88 days, making its maturation slightly later compared to the Gonar variety. The plant is of medium height with a semi-erect bush, characterized by strong anthocyanin pigmentation of the flag leaf auricles and a pronounced wax coating on the sheaths of lower leaves and the ear. The ear is cylindrical, ranging from loose to medium density, with long barbed awns, which is an important morphological feature of the variety. The variety shows medium resistance to lodging and is slightly inferior to standards in drought resistance. The mass of 1000 grains varies from 38 to 50 grams, with large and very large grains, and an unpubescent abdominal groove. The yield of Chakinsky 221 in cultivation regions reaches an average of about 28.7–28.9 centners per hectare, with maximum yield indicators noted at the level of 61 centners per hectare. The variety is recommended for cultivation in the Central Black Earth region, including the Tambov and Bryansk regions, as well as in the Volga-Vyatka region. Chakinsky 221 is included in the list of brewing varieties due to its technological qualities. For successful cultivation, it is necessary to follow agronomic recommendations, including soil preparation, plant care, and the application of protective agents. The variety shows strong susceptibility to dark purple and striped blotch, susceptible to loose smut and powdery mildew, as well as root rots, which requires timely control of the phytosanitary condition of crops.