Winter variety of the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Genetics and Selection of Fruit Plants named after I. V. Michurin. Obtained by crossing Antonovka with Landshburg Renet. Author S. F. Chernenko. Due to its early fruiting and high stable yield, the variety annually expands its cultivation area and is used in breeding. Approved for cultivation in the Northwestern, Central, and Central Chernozem regions.
Tree is strong-growing, with a sparse spreading crown. Lower main branches are powerful, reddish-brown, positioned almost at a right angle, higher branches at a 45° angle. Fruit set mainly occurs on branched buds on three- to four-year-old wood. Fruit set can also occur on two-year-old wood.
Shoots are reddish-brown, curved, long with large flattened oval buds. Leaves are dark green, oval with serrated edges. Leaf blade is thick, leathery, slightly wrinkled, weakly curved along the central vein, margins folded upward. Petiole is positioned at a 45° angle on the shoot. No stipules.
Flowers are smaller than average size, nearly flat, white-pink, rarely with a serrated edge, stigma higher than anthers by 2-3 mm.
Fruits (see illustration) are large and medium-sized, flattened-round shape, with a small cone toward the calyx, with clearly visible ribs on the smooth fruit surface. Uniform in type. Color when harvested is light green, becomes yellow during storage. On the sun-exposed side, a bright red, diffuse blush with distinct stripes and bands. Skin is smooth, but corked ("rusty") inside the depression and beyond its limits. Stems on central fruits are short, thickened at the attachment point, on lateral fruits medium thickness and length. Depression is narrow, deep, rusty. Calyx is closed, fitting into a shallow dish with ribbed walls. Subcalyx tube is small, funnel-shaped, with a short cylindrical end. Axial cavity is not pronounced.
Flesh is white, dense, slightly acidic-sweet, pleasant taste. Chemical composition of the fruit: total sugars — 10.1%, titratable acidity — 0.56%, dry matter — 12.9% on fresh weight, ascorbic acid — 12.9 mg/100g, P-active catechins — 134.5 mg/100g.
Storage life is 257 days. Fruit commercial quality is high — 89%, of which 61% are first and superior quality.
Fruits are consumed fresh, suitable for canning and processing (juices, compotes, jams).
Trees begin fruiting at 6-7 years (after grafting) and quickly increase yield. Fruit set is abundant and annual. Average multi-year yield at ages 9-14 years — 57 kg per tree, at ages 12-17 years — 80 kg. Winter hardiness is moderate, resistance to scab is high (fruits are affected at 1.4 points).
Advantages of the variety: high ecological adaptability, early fruiting, annual abundant yield, long storage life, suitability for processing.
Disadvantages of the variety: fruits are insufficiently colored.
