The Voronezh 638 sunflower variety belongs to the group of early-maturing and early-ripening crops with a vegetative period from germination to harvest maturity of 93-95 days. The plants are tall, reaching heights of 170 to 190 cm, with large oval black seeds and a large head that can be slightly or strongly inclined. This variety is characterized by high yield, averaging 26 centners per hectare, and high oil content in the seeds—about 54.4%. Voronezh 638 is also a good nectar producer, making it attractive not only for agriculture but also for floristry thanks to its large sunflower blooms. The variety demonstrates high resistance to sclerotinia and drought, as well as hardiness against moth. Seedlings can withstand frosts up to -5°C, which allows for cultivation in various regions with unfavorable weather conditions. However, the plant is not resistant to downy mildew, nematodes, gray and white molds, which requires a careful approach to crop protection. For successful cultivation, it is recommended to choose sunny areas with fertile soil, conduct thorough soil preparation, including weed removal and application of complex mineral fertilizers. The best time to plant Voronezh 638 sunflower is in mid-spring, from mid-April to early May, when the threat of nighttime frosts has passed. The optimal planting scheme is 50x50 cm. Before sowing, seeds are recommended to be soaked in a 1% permanganate solution or in garlic and onion infusion to increase resistance to diseases and improve germination. Thanks to its characteristics and adaptability, this variety is a reliable choice for obtaining high-quality oilseed raw materials.
