The autumn variety was obtained at the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Genetics and Selection of Fruit Plants named after I. V. Michurin by P. N. Yakovlev, S. P. Yakovlev, and Z. N. Tsvetaeva through crossing the variety 'Daughter of Blanckova' with 'Bergamot Esperanza'. It is most widely grown in the middle belt and has been registered in the Central Chernozem and Lower Volga regions.
The tree is large and fast-growing, with a high-rounded, slightly drooping crown over time. The junctions of the main branches are strong. Characterized by high shoot-forming capacity, which leads to crown thickening under heavy pruning. Fruit set is primarily on spurs and fruiting branches.
Shoots are dark brown, curved, medium thickness, with few buds. Leaves are medium-sized, pointing upward, apex broadly pointed, base wedge-shaped, serrated, slight curvature, long petiole, stipules lanceolate.
Fruits are broad pear-shaped, medium size. Color at harvest: main green, covering with a slight sunburn on the sunny side; at consumer maturity, main greenish-yellow, covering with a faint blush over most of the fruit. Peduncle medium, calyx medium, wide, non-oxidized, open, medium. Receptacle small, slightly ribbed. Heart broad, oval. Chambers closed, seeds large, egg-shaped, light brown.
Flesh is tender, melting, oily, juicy, without bitterness or granulation. Taste sweet, up to 4.9 points. Biochemical composition of the fruit is characterized by: total sugars — 9.0%, acidity — 0.08%, ascorbic acid — 12.0 mg/100g, catechins — 38.8 mg/100g.
Harvesting maturity occurs in late August, and under refrigerated storage, the consumer period lasts until the end of October.
Fruit production begins in the 5th year after planting in the orchard, with abundant yields. Winter hardiness is satisfactory in Michurinsk, and drought resistance is quite high. In favorable years for disease development, severe damage to fruit by scab is observed.
Advantages of the variety: excellent fruit flavor, serves as a donor for this trait.
Disadvantages of the variety: large trees, weak resistance to scab.
The variety 'Autumn Yakovleva' was used in the All-Russian Institute of Genetics and Selection of Fruit Plants named after I. V. Michurin to obtain a new variety 'Debutante' (Autumn Yakovleva — self-pollinating), registered in regions of the Middle Volga area, and a series of elite forms.
