Plechistik is an ancient technical variety of red grape native to the Rostov region, traditionally grown along the Don River. It is an autochthonous Russian variety with no common roots to European or Asian varieties. The Plechistik bushes have medium to above-average vigor, with hermaphroditic or female flowers, which require additional and artificial pollination for proper fruiting. The leaves are of medium size, five-lobed, dark green with dense woolly pubescence underneath. The bunches are usually cylindro-conical, of medium mass ranging from 125 to 700 grams, with two lobes, while the berries are dark blue or almost black, round or flattened, weighing from 1.2 to 2.2 grams, covered with a bluish waxy bloom. Plechistik is characterized by its difficulty in cultivation: it tolerates drought poorly, is not frost-resistant, and is susceptible to fungal diseases, especially downy mildew, which requires a full range of protective measures and winter covering. The variety is prone to berry shattering, which also affects yield and requires additional attention in agronomy. Despite this, Plechistik boasts high yield and is capable of producing large bunches with a high juice output — up to 85%. The berry juice is uncolored, with a sugar content of 22-24 g/100 cm³ and acidity of 8-9 g/dm³, making it suitable for producing table wines. Wine made from Plechistik grapes is characterized by a rich berry aroma, soft tannins, and moderate acidity, giving the drink a harmonious taste. Thanks to its technical characteristics and taste qualities, the variety is widely used in winemaking. However, for successful cultivation, Plechistik requires careful care, disease protection, and the correct agronomic approach, especially in arid climates and cold winters.
