Asma — a native Crimean table grape variety, known for its large, dense, conical or cylinder-conical clusters, often with wings. The berries are oval-egg-shaped, purple-black in color with a moderate waxy bloom and tough skin. The flesh is juicy, fleshy, and has a simple flavor. The average weight of 100 berries is about 340 grams, and the weight of a single berry varies from 2.5 to 3.6 grams. Each berry contains 1-2 medium-sized seeds. The leaves are large, round, three-lobed with wavy edges and characteristic indentations. The flowers are perfect, promoting good pollination and fruiting. Asma vines are vigorous, with good lignification of one-year shoots, which have light green crowns with a bronze tint and pink edges. Yield varies from medium to very high — from 70 to 150 centners per hectare. Fruitfulness of shoots is about 44%, and the fruiting coefficient reaches 1.3. Pruning is recommended to 8-10 buds at a load of 25-30 shoots per vine. The variety ripens late, usually in mid to late October, allowing for long-term storage and various culinary uses. Asma has relatively good resistance to fungal diseases, which simplifies care and reduces the need for frequent fungicide applications. However, the variety has low frost resistance: bud death may occur at temperatures around -15°C, and according to some data, frost resistance reaches -23°C. The berries have a simple flavor, with sugar content of 15-18% and acidity of 5-7 g/l, making the grapes suitable for fresh consumption as well as for making jams and marinades.
