BIRSU

Corn variety Birusu is characterized by high yield and grain quality, confirmed by research results conducted in different years. The yield of the variety in 2017 reached 7.26 tons per hectare, while the efficiency of mineral fertilizers depended on weather conditions and water availability during the vegetation period. Under conditions of excessive moisture, the highest yield was achieved with fertilizer application at the rate N30P60. Additionally, the highest protein content in the grain was observed with the use of fertilizers N60P90 and amounted to 11.6% in 2017 and 9.4% in 2018. The application of mineral fertilizers also contributed to a slight increase in fat and ash content in the grain, positively affecting its nutritional value.

One of the significant problems in cultivating corn variety Birusu is fungal diseases, which is especially relevant for regions with intensive cultivation of the crop. In the Far East region, periodic outbreaks of northern helminthosporiosis, powdery mildew, and Fusarium ear rot occur, which may lead to yield losses exceeding 40%. Analyses of seed material of variety Birusu revealed infection rates by Fusarium, nigrosoriasis, and molds ranging from 30 to 70% in different years. This necessitates continuous improvement of plant protection methods against phytopathogens.

To protect corn variety Birusu from a complex of fungal diseases, chemical methods using fungicides are employed, and new biological agents and bacterial mixtures are being developed, which allow increasing plant productivity and seed quality. Special attention is given to selecting environmentally safe and economically effective preparations, reducing pesticide application rates, and integrating them with plant growth regulators and microbial preparations. Such a comprehensive protection system contributes to sustainable cultivation of the variety and maintenance of high yield and grain quality.