Triticale Student

STUDENT is a triticale variety bred by hybridization involving winter soft and hard wheat, perennial rye, and winter triticale. The plant is hexaploid, featuring a cylindrical, dense spike 7-9 cm long with white-colored spike and awns. The grain is of medium size, red, elongated with a longitudinal furrow, with a mass of 1000 grains of 42 g. The stem height is medium — 95-106 cm, with a medium-thickness and strength leaf sheath and pubescence under the spike. The vegetative period is medium-late, lasting 261-278 days. The variety has good winter hardiness and above-average resistance to lodging, but is severely affected by brown and stem rust, as well as snow mold at the standard level. STUDENT triticale is characterized by universal use and high productivity. Maximum grain yield reaches 64.1 c/ha, while protein content in the grain does not fall below standards, and protein content and collection per hectare in green mass surpasses winter wheat indicators. Crop green matter in terms of dry matter yield exceeds standards by 7 c/ha. The plant has a well-developed root system capable of penetrating soil to a depth of 1.5-2 m, ensuring good uptake of nutrients and drought resistance. A thick layer of waxy coating and pubescence of leaves and stems contribute to high water-holding capacity of cells and increase resistance to unfavorable conditions. STUDENT prefers structural chernozems and cultivated gray forest soils with a medium mechanical composition and neutral acidity (pH 5.6-7.5). It is less demanding to soils than wheat but grows poorly on saline, clogging clay, light sandy, and waterlogged soils. Triticale has good frost hardiness, close to rye frost hardiness, and high drought resistance due to a well-developed root system and waxy coating. The plant is predominantly self-pollinating, but cross-pollination up to 40% is possible in different varieties. Triticale grain is larger than wheat and rye, but the gluten has more sticky and stretchable properties, which affects baking qualities.