Pupillidae

These pests are generalists (polyphages), although they are generally less aggressive than large slugs. They damage a wide range of cultivated plants, feeding on young shoots, seedlings, and the leaves of vegetables and ornamental plants. They pose a significant threat particularly during the early stages of plant development when tissues are most tender.

The biology of Pupillidae is closely linked to environmental humidity. They are primarily nocturnal, showing activity during twilight or on cloudy, overcast days. Their life cycle involves laying eggs in damp soil or under plant debris. Juveniles hatch after several weeks and immediately begin foraging for food.

The damage caused by these snails manifests as small holes or lesions on leaf blades. This damage leads to a loss of vigor in the plant, reduced photosynthetic capacity, and a significant decrease in the aesthetic or market value of the produce. In cases of mass outbreaks, Pupillidae can devastate entire rows of early vegetable crops.

Control measures combine cultural practices and chemical intervention. It is essential to maintain orchard and garden hygiene by removing plant debris and controlling weeds. Effective control methods include:

• Creating physical barriers using lime or wood ash.
• Regular manual inspection and removal of debris during wet weather.
• Applying specialized molluscicides based on metaldehyde or ferric phosphate.
• Improving drainage to reduce excessive humidity in the topsoil.