"Stepnyak 1" variety belongs to early-maturing forage sorghums and is characterized by a short growing period – from germination to full maturity in less than 99 days. This makes it particularly attractive to agronomists seeking to quickly obtain a harvest and reduce crop processing time. The variety was developed by the Institute of Agricultural Problems of Khakasia in 1965 and has since gained wide recognition for its stability and high productivity.
A key feature of "Stepnyak 1" is its crude protein content, exceeding 15 %. Such a high protein level makes the grain suitable for feeding cattle and other livestock, as well as increasing its value in the food products market. Additionally, the plant is drought-resistant and less demanding on soil compared to Sudanese triple, allowing it to be grown in various climatic conditions – from the southern Urals to the North Caucasus.
Seeds germinate at a soil temperature of 10–12 °C; seedlings are sensitive to frost, so it is important to ensure protection for early shoots. In the first weeks of growth, plants are slow and susceptible to weeds, however, after the appearance of side shoots (after 3 weeks), they rapidly gain mass. The recommended sowing rate is 12–22 kg/ha for fodder use and 8–12 kg/ha for grain cultivation. Sowing depth is 2–4 cm, followed by mandatory roller treatment.
Care for "Stepnyak 1" includes weed control, inter-row treatments, and mineral fertilizer application. Green mass can be used for 10–12 days after jointing until flowering begins; when cut to 4–5 cm, plants do not regrow, but with sufficient moisture, a second cut is possible. Green mass yield reaches up to 20 t/ha, and hay – up to 6 t/ha. Grain is harvested at the wax or full maturity stage by direct combine harvesting.
Thus, the "Stepnyak 1" variety combines rapid growth, high protein content, and resistance to unfavorable conditions, making it a valuable choice for farmers looking for effective and reliable grain-forage crops.
