Individual drainage and water-removal systems for a plot

Excess moisture on a house plot need never become a problem if you install water-removal systems designed around the particular features of the site. This is the work of specialist firms (3dground.biz and others), and for the customer the process breaks down into a few steps.

The first steps

Customer reviews and the length of time a firm has been in business make it easy to find the right engineers and get an initial consultation. They then visit the site to study its features. The survey takes into account:

• the position of the plot (in a hollow, on a slope and so on);

• the presence and depth of groundwater;

• the type and structure of the soil;

• differences in level;

• rainfall;

• the temperature regime;

• immovable natural obstacles (hills, ponds and the like);

• any drainage system the house already has.

Besides special equipment and photography, the technical documentation for the house and plot is used. Particular attention goes to lower ground floors, cellars and other structures below surface level. These are the first to flood during downpours and the season of meltwater.

When a drainage project is prepared individually — https://www.3dground.biz/ru/services/drainage-systems/ — the layout of the water-removal network also depends on where any additional buildings stand on the plot (garage, bath house, gazebo, patio, sports and children's areas and so on). An important element of the system is the discharge point. Natural or artificial structures and other water receivers are normally used for this, and for safety and appearance they are dressed with gratings, railings and other fittings.

Surface or deep systems

Depending on the engineers' conclusions and the design drawn up, surface water-removal systems and/or deep ones may be installed. The first, more economical type is used where the plot does not fall into the difficult category — that is, the groundwater lies well below, the soil is not clayey and so on. In that case point networks, linear networks or a mixture of the two are laid.

A deep drainage system for a house carries groundwater away and reduces moisture in waterlogged spots and clay soils. By its method of laying it may be horizontal, vertical or combined. Horizontal runs consist of a network of perforated pipes laid on a fall for gravity flow in closed trenches at a depth of one to five metres. The vertical type is used where the relief is complicated: water is pumped up boreholes to the surface for disposal. The combined method draws on the advantages of both.

Specialists consider it best to combine surface and deep water removal. A comprehensive approach removes excess moisture both from roofs and paths and from foundations and basement rooms.