Metastrongylidae
It is important to clarify that Metastrongylidae are not plant pests. They are a family of parasitic nematodes that infect the respiratory system of mammals, primarily pigs, causing a condition known as metastrongylosis. They do not feed on plant tissues, and thus do not cause direct damage to agricultural crops.
What the section contains
Metastrongylidae
Systematic position: Phylum Nematoda (roundworms), class Chromadorea, order Strongylida, family Metastrongylidae. These parasites are biologically adapted to survive in the bronchial and tracheal environment of their host, relying on intermediate hosts to complete their development.
The biological cycle is distinct and depends on environmental factors. Eggs are passed in the feces of infected animals and ingested by terrestrial snails and slugs. Inside these mollusks, larvae develop into an infective stage. Pigs become infected by accidentally ingesting these infected mollusks while foraging or grazing on pasture.
The economic impact on agriculture is strictly related to veterinary science and animal health. Although they do not damage the plant, their prevalence in pasture environments can lead to reduced livestock productivity, weight loss, and secondary bacterial pneumonia in herds, which indirectly affects farm profitability.
Control measures:
- Regular deworming programs for all pigs within the herd.
- Drainage of wet, boggy areas on pastures where snails thrive.
- Avoiding overgrazing which forces animals to feed closer to the ground where mollusks are present.
- Maintaining proper animal husbandry practices to minimize contact with intermediate hosts.