Stone centipedes
Systematic position. The family Lithobiidae belongs to the class Chilopoda, order Lithobiomorpha. These are typical soil-dwelling invertebrates that lead a cryptic lifestyle in the upper layers of the soil, under rocks, fallen leaves, or within decaying plant debris.
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Stone centipedes
Biology and life cycle. The development of stone centipedes occurs through anamorphic growth, which implies a gradual increase in the number of body segments and pairs of legs with each subsequent molt. Adult individuals are highly mobile and primarily predatory; however, when natural prey is scarce, they may feed on the underground parts of cultivated plants.
Damage characteristics and economic impact. The primary damage occurs in high-humidity conditions where food sources are limited. Centipedes feed on tender roots, emerging sprouts, and the base of seedling stems. These damaged tissues act as entry points for secondary infections, such as fungal and bacterial rots, often resulting in the total loss of the crop.
Crops affected. Vegetable crops in greenhouse environments, germinating seeds in open fields, and ornamental plants with succulent rhizomes are most susceptible to stone centipede activity. Damage is particularly noticeable during the early spring season when soil moisture levels are elevated.
Control measures. Protection strategies focus on agronomic practices: timely removal of crop residues, soil cultivation to disrupt their habitat, and strict adherence to crop rotation. Applying wood ash around the plant base is effective, while in severe cases, approved soil-applied insecticides can be utilized to manage population levels.