Spalacidae

Spalacidae cause significant agricultural damage by feeding on the underground parts of various plants. Their diet includes potatoes, carrots, beets, onions, and the roots of young fruit trees. These pests not only consume crops in the field but also store vast amounts of vegetation in their deep storage chambers.

The biology of mole-rats involves year-round activity as they do not hibernate. They build complex tunnel systems that include nesting chambers and food storage areas. Reproduction typically occurs once a year, ensuring a steady presence of the species in suitable habitats where soft, nutrient-rich soil is abundant.

Damage is characterized by the sudden wilting of plants or the total disappearance of vegetables. Because they live underground, they are rarely seen, making detection difficult until significant crop loss has occurred. Their presence is indicated by the distinctive, large mounds of soil pushed up to the surface.

Effective management strategies require a combination of techniques.

• Utilization of mechanical traps designed for burrowing animals.
• Use of ultrasonic vibration devices to deter them from sensitive areas.
• Installing underground wire mesh barriers to protect root vegetables.
• Strategic planting of crops with strong odors like garlic or daffodils.
• Consistent removal of fresh soil mounds to discourage colonization.