Urea (carbamide) — CO(NH2)2 — contains not less than 46% nitrogen. Produced by synthesizing ammonia and carbon dioxide under high pressure and temperature. A white, fine crystalline product, highly soluble in water.
Urea (carbamide) can be added to any type of soil. Nitrogen improves the quality of fruit and berry plants and their fruits. If there is insufficient nitrogen in the soil, tree branches become thin and weak, branch less, and leaves turn yellowish, like in autumn. Yellowing begins with lower leaves, as nitrogen initially comes from the plant's internal reserves and moves to growth zones — to younger leaves and fruits. However, excess nitrogen is harmful to plants, as it causes excessive plant growth, and stems and branches grow at the expense of fruit set. Therefore, nitrogenous fertilizers, particularly urea, must be applied according to recommended doses, using methods such as water-soluble or broadcast application, followed by watering. Urea is typically applied to soil in spring.
Packaging and Transportation
Carbamide is treated with conditioning additives to maintain product properties. It is supplied in packaged form (in multi-layer paper, polyethylene, or polypropylene bags of 3, 20, and 50 kg), in flexible containers of type MKR (big-bags) for bulk products (400 kg and 800 kg), in specialized metal containers, and in bulk form in covered self-discharging hopper wagons for mineral fertilizer transport. Carbamide in bulk is also transported in covered marine deck ships and in trucks equipped with covering devices for
protecting the product in the cargo area. The temperature of granulated (pelletized) carbamide before packaging
must not exceed 50°C.
Flexible and universal containers with carbamide may be transported by road transport without covering.
Storage Conditions
Carbamide is stored in closed, well-ventilated storage facilities, protecting the product from atmospheric precipitation. Containers with carbamide and transport bags can be stored on open areas.
Mixing carbamide with other types of fertilizers in bulk storage is not permitted.
Shelf life — 6 months; packaged carbamide for retail sale — 2 years from the date of manufacture.
Safety Requirements
Classified as moderately hazardous (III class of danger) by its effect on the human body.
Carbamide is non-flammable, fire- and explosion-safe under normal conditions.
