Pachybolidae
Pachybolidae is a family of millipedes within the order Spirobolida, which can act as significant agricultural pests under certain ecological conditions. While they typically contribute to the decomposition of organic matter, high populations of these organisms can shift their feeding behavior to damage the root systems and stems of living plants.
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Pachybolidae
These pests predominantly affect crops in both open fields and protected environments such as greenhouses. Vegetable crops, tubers, and young seedlings are particularly vulnerable to Pachybolidae infestations. Their presence is often associated with soils high in moisture and organic debris, which provide ideal conditions for their reproduction and survival.
The biology of Pachybolidae is characterized by a slow but steady life cycle, with individuals passing through several developmental stages before reaching maturity. They are moisture-loving organisms that spend most of their time in the soil profile. Their activity levels increase during irrigation or rainfall, making them more noticeable to agronomists during wet weather.
The damage caused by these millipedes is characterized by extensive tissue consumption of roots, tubers, and the hypocotyl area of seedlings. By chewing on these vital plant parts, Pachybolidae disrupt the plant's vascular system, leading to stunted growth, wilting, and increased susceptibility to secondary soil-borne diseases such as root rot.
Effective management requires an integrated approach to minimize soil suitability for the pest. Cultivation practices that improve soil drainage and aeration are essential to discourage colonization. Furthermore, sanitation measures, such as the removal of excessive organic mulching near young plants, help reduce refuge sites. Chemical control should be considered as a last resort, utilizing soil-applied insecticides.