Boletus edulis / Leccinum scabrum, common names: boletus, birch boletus, black-headed boletus — a species of gilled mushrooms in the genus Leccinum, or Boletus, family Boletaceae.
Cap color varies — from white to dark gray and nearly black, underneath initially (in young mushrooms) white, in older ones — grayish-brown. In wet areas, the swamp boletus is more common, with a white or whitish cap surface.
Stem slightly thickened at the base, white, with longitudinal white or dark scales.
Flesh white, color does not change when broken. In swampy areas, the rose-colored boletus (Leccinum oxydabile) is found, with flesh that turns rose-colored when broken.
Cultivating Boletus on a homestead plot: in a shaded area, on a 2.5-3 m2 area, dig down 30 cm, and fill with nutrient mix.
First layer: (spread on the bottom) fallen leaves, grass, or tree bark (10 cm).
Second layer: forest compost or soil under trees (10 cm). Then evenly sprinkle dry mycelium previously mixed with 1 liter of dry soil over the entire area.
Third layer: plant residues, similar to the first layer, but 3 cm thick.
Fourth layer: garden soil (3-5 cm). After sowing, water by drip method.
First mushrooms appear within 1.5-2 months, then every 1-1.5 weeks.
Indoors, cultivate similarly, but plant in trays. The mycelium lives up to 5 years. Can be cultivated any time of the year.
