Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies kurstaki strain EG2348

The active ingredient is a spore-forming bacterium that produces crystalline protein inclusions, known as delta-endotoxins, during its sporulation phase. These proteins function as highly specific pro-insecticides targeting lepidopteran larvae.

Upon ingestion by the pest, the alkaline environment of the insect's midgut triggers the solubilization of these protein crystals. The released toxins bind to specific receptors located on the midgut epithelial cells, leading to membrane pore formation.

This physiological disruption causes the larvae to stop feeding almost immediately, preventing further damage to the crops. The resulting breach in the intestinal wall leads to systemic septicemia and eventual death of the insect.

The EG2348 strain is particularly valued for its optimized toxin profile, ensuring high efficacy against target lepidopteran species while remaining benign to non-target organisms.

Since the efficacy relies on the ingestion of the treated plant tissue, thorough spray coverage is essential. The biological mode of action makes it a superior tool for sustainable agriculture.

This biological agent is specifically designed to control lepidopteran larvae (caterpillars), which are responsible for significant yield losses in global crop production.

• Various armyworm species (e.g., Helicoverpa spp.)
• Diamondback moth and cabbage white butterfly larvae
• Fruit-damaging pests like leafrollers and codling moths
• European corn borer
• Defoliating caterpillars in forestry and ornamental plantations

The product displays excellent safety margins for beneficial insects such as bees, ladybirds, and lacewings, supporting an Integrated Pest Management (IPM) approach.

Younger larval stages are the most susceptible to the treatment. Targeting early instars ensures a significant reduction in the pest population before they can cause extensive damage.

Its unique biological nature ensures that it does not pose a threat to soil health or water quality, making it a sustainable alternative to conventional synthetic insecticides.

Dosage rates are determined based on the target pest pressure and the crop growth stage. The product is typically formulated as a concentrated suspension to be diluted in water for application.

Application should ideally take place during the early morning or late evening hours. Avoiding peak sunlight minimizes the degradation of the active spores by ultraviolet radiation.

Intervals of 7 to 14 days are recommended between applications to maintain the protective coverage on foliage during periods of active larval infestation.

There are no significant pre-harvest intervals (PHI) required due to the biological nature of the product, allowing for flexible application schedules close to harvest time.

Environmental conditions such as moderate temperature and humidity enhance the larval feeding activity, which in turn accelerates the action of the bio-insecticide.

The primary limiting factor is sensitivity to intense ultraviolet light, which can degrade the effectiveness of the toxin proteins when exposed on the leaf surface for extended periods.

Rainfall occurring shortly after application may wash off the product, necessitating re-treatment to ensure sufficient concentration of the active agent on the foliage.

Users should follow standard safety precautions, such as wearing protective gear, as protein-based substances can cause mild irritation if they come into contact with the eyes or skin.

Do not mix the product with highly alkaline solutions or potent bactericidal fungicides, as these can inhibit the viability of the bacterial spores and reduce overall efficacy.

Storage must be handled with care, keeping the product in a cool, dark environment to ensure the long-term stability and biological activity of the spores.